B
恒星光谱
10,000–25,000 K
1.8–6.6 R☉
2.1–16 M☉
B型主序星(B V)是燃燒氫的恆星,光譜分類為B,光度分類為V的主序星。這一類恆星的質量介於太陽的2至16倍,表面溫度載10,000至30,000K。B型恆星是非常明亮的藍色恆星。它們的光譜中有中性的氦線,在B2的類型中最為明顯,和溫和的氫線。例如,軒轅十四和大陵五A。 這種恆星的哈佛光譜分類法刊登在'Revised Harvard photometry catalogue。在定義上,B型恆星在光譜的藍紫色部分缺少一條氦的電離譜線,也就是沒有氦的電離譜線。所有的光譜類型,包括B型,都有細分的數值尾碼,表示它們與下一種類型接近的程度,因此B2是B型十分級中的第二級,比B0更接近A型。 但是,之後更精細的光譜顯示B0有氦的電離譜線;同樣的,A0也有微弱的中性氦線。隨後細分的光譜類型基於特定頻率的吸收線在恆星中強度,或是比較不同譜線的強度。例如,在MK分類系統中,波長438.7奈米的譜線強度比420.0奈米強的歸類為B0型。氫的巴耳末系譜線在B型中逐漸增強,並在A2型達到峰值(最大值)。電離的矽現被用來矽分B型的恆星,同時鎂線被用來區分溫度上的差異。 B型恆星在大氣層之外沒有冕,並且缺乏對流層。它們比較小的恆星,像太陽這一種,有更高的質量流失率,恆星風的速度大約是3,000公里/秒。B型主序星的能量來源是CNO循環的熱核融合。因為CNO循環對溫度非常敏感,能量的來源大量的集中在這類恆星的核心,結果是對流層出現在核心。這導致核融合產生的氦穩定的與氫燃料混合在一起。許多B型恆星有高速的自轉,在赤道的轉動速度大約是200公里/秒。 有些B型恆星,像是分類為B0至B3的恆星,顯示出有非常強的中性氦譜線。這些化學特殊恆星未稱為強氦恆星,通常他們在光球層會有強大的磁場。對照之下,也有弱氦恆星,它們的氦線強度不足並且有很強的氫光譜。其他化學異常的B型恆星有汞-錳星,它們的光譜類型是B7至B9。Y最後,還有有著途出的氫發射譜線的Be星。
Uses material from the Wikipedia article "B型主序星", which is released under the Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0.Astronomical object | 距离 | Wiki | ||
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106 Aquarii | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 379 | [x] |
13 Andromedae | Star, Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 300 | [x] |
13 Vulpeculae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 334 | [x] |
17 Vulpeculae | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 504 | [x] |
18 Aquilae | Star, Double or multiple star, 聯星, Ellipsoidal variable Star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 699 | [x] |
18 Tauri | Star, Star in Cluster, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 410 | [x] |
2 Cygni | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 843 | [x] |
26 Andromedae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 662 | [x] |
27 Vulpeculae | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 318 | [x] |
28 Vulpeculae | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 522 | [x] |
29 Persei | Star, Star in Cluster, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 638 | [x] |
36 Aurigae | Star, Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 1157 | [x] |
4 Cygni | Star, Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 707 | [x] |
42 Camelopardalis | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 924 | [x] |
42 Cassiopeiae | Star, Eclipsing binary of Algol type (detached), Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 278 | [x] |
43 Camelopardalis | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 979 | [x] |
50 Bootis | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 262 | [x] |
54 Aurigae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 843 | [x] |
57 Cygni | Star, Eclipsing binary of Algol type (detached), Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 525 | [x] |
7 Cephei | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 805 | [x] |
8 Cygni | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 860 | [x] |
a Centauri | Star, Infra-Red source, Rotationally variable Star, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 457 | [x] |
Acrux | Star, Double or multiple star, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 321 | [x] |
Alcyone | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Star in Nebula, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 403 | [x] |
Aldhibah | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 329 | [x] |
Algol | Star, Double or multiple star, Eclipsing binary of Algol type (detached), Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 93 | [x] |
Alkaid | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 104 | [x] |
Alpha Arae | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Eruptive variable Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 267 | [x] |
Alpha Doradus | Star, Double or multiple star, Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 169 | [x] |
Alpha Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 465 | [x] |
Alpha Muscae | Star, Double or multiple star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 316 | [x] |
Alpha Telescopii | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 278 | [x] |
Alpheratz | Star, Double or multiple star, Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type, Infra-Red source, High proper-motion Star, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 96 | [x] |
Alshat | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 253 | [x] |
Aludra | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Infra-Red source, Pulsating variable Star, 藍超巨星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 1989 | [x] |
AR Cassiopeiae | Star, Double or multiple star, Eclipsing binary of Algol type (detached), Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 621 | [x] |
Arkab Prior | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source | B | 378 | [x] |
Atlas | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 382 | [x] |
Bellatrix | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 253 | [x] |
Beta Lupi | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 382 | [x] |
Beta Muscae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 342 | [x] |
Beta Sculptoris | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 175 | [x] |
BW Vulpeculae | Star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 1045 | [x] |
C Carinae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 253 | [x] |
Celaeno | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 377 | [x] |
CG Andromedae | Star, Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 613 | [x] |
Chi Carinae | Star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 455 | [x] |
d Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 428 | [x] |
Delta Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 415 | [x] |
Delta Crucis | Star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 345 | [x] |
Delta Fornacis | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 847 | [x] |
Delta Tucanae | Star, Double or multiple star, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 251 | [x] |
E Carinae | Star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 968 | [x] |
e Lupi | Star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 504 | [x] |
Electra | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Star in Nebula, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 405 | [x] |
Epsilon Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 427 | [x] |
Epsilon Hydri | Star, Infra-Red source, High proper-motion Star, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 152 | [x] |
Epsilon Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 504 | [x] |
Epsilon Orionis | Star, Double or multiple star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, 星际物质, Pulsating variable Star, 藍超巨星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 1976 | [x] |
Eta Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 442 | [x] |
G Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 448 | [x] |
Gamma Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Ellipsoidal variable Star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 421 | [x] |
Gamma Muscae | Star, Infra-Red source, Pulsating variable Star, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 325 | [x] |
Gomeisa | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 162 | [x] |
H Centauri | Star, Infra-Red source, Pulsating variable Star, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 369 | [x] |
H Velorum | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 1264 | [x] |
HD 37017 | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Star in Nebula, Infra-Red source, Radio-source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 1240 | [x] |
HIP 56379 | Star, 赫比格Ae/Be星, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 316 | [x] |
HR 6875 | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 487 | [x] |
HR 7029 | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 466 | [x] |
HR 7739 | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 992 | [x] |
Iota Aquilae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 391 | [x] |
Iota Arae | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 935 | [x] |
j Centauri | Star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 595 | [x] |
Jabbah | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Nebula, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 474 | [x] |
Kaus Australis | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 143 | [x] |
l Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 364 | [x] |
Lambda Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 777 | [x] |
M Carinae | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 308 | [x] |
Maia | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Star in Nebula, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 383 | [x] |
Merope | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Cluster, Star in Nebula, Variable Star of beta Cep type, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 381 | [x] |
Mintaka | Star, Double or multiple star, Eclipsing binary of Algol type (detached), 聯星, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 693 | [x] |
Omega Carinae | Star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 342 | [x] |
Omicron Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 404 | [x] |
p Carinae | Star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 483 | [x] |
p Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 400 | [x] |
Peacock | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, 聯星, UV-emission source | B | 178 | [x] |
Phi Andromedae | Star, Double or multiple star, Be Star, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 716 | [x] |
Phi Eridani | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, High proper-motion Star, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 154 | [x] |
Pi Lupi | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in double system, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 443 | [x] |
Pi Tucanae | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 318 | [x] |
Q Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 271 | [x] |
Regulus | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, High proper-motion Star, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 79 | [x] |
Rho Centauri | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 379 | [x] |
Rho Lupi | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star | B | 316 | [x] |
Rigel | Star, Double or multiple star, Star in Nebula, Emission-line Star, Infra-Red source, 星际物质, Pulsating variable Star, 反射星雲, 藍超巨星, 聯星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 863 | [x] |
Rukbat | Star, UV-emission source, X-ray source | B | 181 | [x] |
Saiph | Star, Infra-Red source, 藍超巨星, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 647 | [x] |
Sigma Arietis | Star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source | B | 494 | [x] |
Sigma Centauri | Star, Double or multiple star, Infra-Red source, UV-emission source, Variable Star, X-ray source | B | 412 | [x] |